CBAM Compliance by Country: What Non-EU Exporters Must Do in 2026
The CBAM financial phase began January 2026. Every non-EU manufacturer exporting CBAM-covered goods to the EU must now document embedded carbon or pay EU default rates. This hub routes you to the full country-specific guide for your market.
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CBAM Financial Phase Timeline
| Date | Milestone |
|---|---|
| 1 October 2023 | CBAM transitional phase begins — reporting only, no certificate purchase |
| 1 January 2026 | CBAM financial phase begins — certificate purchase required for all imports |
| 30 September 2027 | First CBAM certificate surrender deadline (for 2026 imports) |
| 31 December 2034 | Full CBAM phase-in complete — free allocation to EU producers fully phased out |
Frequently Asked Questions
When did the CBAM financial phase start?
The CBAM financial phase began on 1 January 2026. From this date, EU declarants must purchase CBAM certificates for all imports of covered goods.
When is the first CBAM certificate surrender deadline?
The first CBAM certificate surrender deadline is 30 September 2027, covering imports made during 2026.
Which countries face the highest CBAM exposure?
China faces the highest absolute CBAM exposure (EUR 18B+ annually), followed by Turkey (EUR 8B+), India (EUR 1.7B+), and South Africa. Exposure depends on export volume, product mix, and actual emission values.
Does CBAM apply to all countries equally?
Yes. CBAM applies to imports from all non-EU countries regardless of trade agreements or development status. There are no exemptions for developing countries.
Can a country's domestic carbon price offset CBAM?
Yes. CBAM Regulation 2023/956 Article 9 allows deduction of carbon prices paid in the country of origin. South Africa's Carbon Tax and China's ETS are potentially eligible — but only with verified documentation.
Calculate your CBAM saving → · Find a verifier → · What is embedded carbon? →